A Mistaken Portrait: This Is Not Sophie Hélène Béatrix de France
Image: A pastel portrait of the child of Louise Hyacinthe de Montesquiou et Anne-François V de Lastic by Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun, circa 1780-1783. Via the Chateau de Parentignat.
This charming pastel portrait has long been identified as Sophie Hélène Béatrix, the second daughter and last child born to Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI. This identification was first made in a Vigee-Lebrun exhibition catalog published in the 1980s by Joseph Baillio, an expert whose specialty is the work of Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun. Baillio also identified another Vigee-Lebrun work, a sketch, as depicting the infant Sophie in this same publication.
However, after decades as a portrait of Sophie Hélène Béatrix, the real identity of the child in the above portrait has become known: the child is not Sophie at all, but a member of the Montesquiou-Lastic family.
Although Joseph Baillio reidentified the sketch portrait in the 2016 English-edition Vigee-Lebrun exhibition catalog as “Sleeping Baby, possibly Eugène de Montesquiou-Fézensac,” there was no mention or correction of the earlier identified pastel “Sophie” portrait.
Thanks to @tiny-librarian‘s research, we now know where this portrait is located… and who it likely does–and most certainly doesn’t–depict.
According to the chateau de Parentignat website, the archives of the Montesquiou-Lastic family indicate that the pastel depicts the first child born to Louise Hyacinthe de Montesquiou and Anne-François V de Lastic.
The couple had three children: Amédée, François and Octavie. Only Octavie (Gertrude Charlotte Marie Octavie) would live past childhood; she was a dame d'honneur to Empress Josephine and had several children of her own.
If it does indeed depict their first child, then the infant in the above portrait would be Amédée. There are conflicting reports regarding his birth and death date; Geneanet.org indicates that he was born in 1782 and died in 1788; according to Baillo, he was born in 1780 and died in 1788. Various books reporting on the genealogy of the Lastic family give differing information: one indicates merely “died young,” and another says “died in infancy.”
The above portrait is remarkably similar to another infant portrait by Vigee-Lebrun, also done for the Montesquiou-Lastic family. This portrait depicts Eugène de Montesquiou-Fézensac (1782-1810). Regardless of whether the top portrait is Amédée, François or Octavie, the children in both portraits were cousins.
Image: Portrait of Eugène de Montesquiou-Fézensac by Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun, circa 1782-1783.
The above image is actually featured on the Wikipedia page for Sophie, and has been shared online interchangeably as either Sophie or an infant Louis Charles. However, like the other portrait, it is depicting someone else entirely: in this case, an infant Eugène de Montesquiou Fezensac, as shown as the Vigee-Lebrun exhibit.
With three of the previous “Sophie” portraits now given the correct identifications, we are left with precious little tangible portraiture of Sophie.
The only confirmed contemporary depiction of Sophie comes from a series of engravings of the royal family, something @tiny-librarian discovered and shared.
There is also an alleged portrait of all four of Marie Antoinette’s children, attributed to Jean Pierre Chasselat, but the identification is not confirmed and firmly remains in the “alleged” category. Unfortunately the auction page for this miniature is long-gone, so the ability to look for a higher resolution or more information is not readily possible.
Update 2023: This miniature has been re-identified as a portrait of the children with Madame Leclerc, along with the son of Bernard, by Jean-Baptiste-Jacques Augusti. It does not depict the children of Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI.
Update 2023: We may have another faint glimpse of Sophie in this alleged allegorical portrait of Marie Antoinette looking at her children, attributed to Jean-Baptiste André Gautier-Dagoty.
Looking closely at the profiles, one can see the faintest outline in the front. Was this meant to represent Madame Sophie? But there is a catch here: Jean-Baptiste André Gautier-Dagoty died in 1786, before the death of Madame Sophie. The work does look incomplete, is it possible that the artist died before it was completed, thus leaving Sophie vague and unfinished? If this is indeed an allegorical portrait of Marie Antoinette done by Gautier-Dagoty, it is the only practical explanation. But as we’ve seen, there are quite a few portraits of the queen formerly attributed to Gautier-Dagoty which have been later attributed to someone else, so it is possible that it is not his work after all.
Truly, the title of the chapter focusing on Sophie in Philippe Delorme’s Les Princes du Malheur is more apt than ever:
L'éphémère Madame Sophie. The ephemeral Madame Sophie.