Avatar

We will understand only what we are taught

@orcinus-veterinarius

I’m Mando! Let’s talk about animals!
4th year vet (DVM) student | B.S. Zoology
Zoo, aquatic, & wildlife medicine
Aspiring orca doctor | Lover of all creatures
Vetblr of @mandaloriandragontrainer

Blog Introduction

Mando, 20s, she/her

  • I’m a US-based DVM (Doctor of Veterinary Medicine) student in the final year of my four-year program. I hold a Bachelor’s in Zoology.
  • My focus is in zoological medicine. My goal is to one day earn ACZM diplomate status and work as a staff veterinarian at an AZA-accredited zoo or aquarium. I have a special interest in marine mammals, particularly cetaceans.
  • I have 8+ years of experience in small animal primary, specialty, and emergency practice and have worked with a wide variety of zoological species, including dolphins, pinnipeds, sea turtles, penguins, red wolves, birds, various reptiles, many aquarium fish, and others.
  • I’m “pro cap” and very supportive of accredited zoos, aquariums, and marine parks, and the role they play in conservation and public education. I will gladly have a civil discussion on this topic, and you are welcome to follow me if you are anti cap, but please be respectful.
  • I’m very happy to answer questions, but please know I cannot legally give veterinary advice. I am still a student, but it is illegal even for fully licensed veterinarians to practice without a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship, which cannot be obtained online. If you have a medical concern about your pet, please call your veterinarian.
  • Since this is not an ask blog, I don’t give myself a set turnaround time for asks. I want to be able to properly research and format my answers first, and with my school and work schedules I often don’t have the mental energy. Please know I will get around to your ask!
  • Said schedules make my activity rather sporadic, but I try to keep the queue filled.
  • I will not share animal media that is “not cute.” Here is a compilation by @is-the-primate-vid-cute (who I definitely recommend following!) of “is-that-x-media-cute” blogs and other animal-related pages. Please note that these blogs may vary in quality, and I haven’t personally checked every one on the list.
  • Any posts visually portraying violent natural behaviors will be tagged “animal violence,” and those with images of deceased animals will be tagged “animal death.”
  • Everyone makes mistakes! If you notice any inaccurate information in one of my posts (a misidentified species, for example), feel free to shoot me a polite DM with a source.
  • I will not divulge personal information about myself or my school. There are less than 35 vet schools in the United States, and I would like to stay as anonymous as possible.
  • This blog was formerly known as @dr-mando-on-call (the current blog at that URL is a spammer, not me). If someone called @mandaloriandragontrainer replies to you in the notes, that’s me on my main.
  • Hateful or vulgar speech about anyone will not be tolerated. Anon hate will be deleted. 
  • The Orchive! This is an archive of my educational posts and a FAQ of sorts. If you have a question, please consider checking here first!
  • Thank you for reading! I hope you enjoy!

In the end, we will conserve only what we love, we will love only what we understand, and we will understand only what we are taught.” -Babu Dioum

Veterinary Etiquette: Tip #1

If you are contacting the clinic be sure to include your last name, your pets name, and your phone number so that we can easily look up your account.

This is Karen about Oreo” is not useful.

This is Karen Smith about Oreo, please give me a callback at 123-456-7890” is much better.

If you’ve never been to the clinic before and are a prospective new client make this clear so the receptionist isn’t trying to find your file.

This is a new series I’m starting based on my experience working in a small, independently owned feline-only veterinary clinic. Veterinary professionals from different backgrounds are welcome and encouraged to add on.

PSA for fellow dog owners: Keep your dog on a leash when out in public, and teach your kids to keep them leashed too. Also, if you're dog is bigger than your kids, don't let them take them for walks unsupervised.

I just got thrown to the ground by an overly friendly St. Bernard dog that was about twice the size of the kids walking it. Not a leash or adult in sight.

My disabled ass now has a bleeding, subluxated knee, a subluxated hip, and my hands are shredded from the asphalt. The kids were frantic and in tears as the eldest tried to haul their dog off me, all the while telling me he was really friendly and didn't mean any harm.

Despite the excruciating amounts of pain I was in, I very gently told them that regardless of intent, harm had been caused, and they needed to keep their dog on a leash and teach it to sit and stay and not to charge at people and knock them to the ground. I'm now going to be unable to move without assistance for the next few days, all because a dog wasn't on a leash nor properly supervised.

Leash your dogs. Thank you.

I have a bit of a silly question. Is there any way to know which vets get kickbacks from pet food brands like Hills and Purina? My last vet kept pushing and pushing Hills, even when it was clearly making my cat gain an unhealthy amount of weight. I want to avoid this with my next vet, but short of calling them and asking them outright, it’s hard to know. Thanks for any advice you have! Big fan of your blog.

Avatar

None of them get kickbacks. A particular vet might promote a particular diet because they, personally, like it.

And if your cat is gaining weight on the diet, cutting back the amount of food can make up the difference.

All of my cats are fed Hill/Science Diet. I personally really like that brand.

Avatar

Oh wait, I just remembered one 'kickback'

We sometimes get free measuring cups.

And a pizza party once during vet school

Avatar

A few months ago my mom got our dog a really nice like $60 dog bed that Ellie just absolutely refuses to sleep in because she’d rather be in bed with my mom or on the couch. So my mom gave Josh and I the bed to see if Vincent would like it and it’s an immediate hit, he jumped in as soon as I put it down and won’t move

I’ve never seen this cat knead before and now he can’t stop!

Avatar

seeby

A bunch of folk are commenting on the post about a sanctuary feeding a bear Twizzlers with something along the lines of “well if the sanctuary is preferred by PETA it’s immediately sus.” There’s a lot more to that relationship worth knowing about.

What a lot of people aren’t in a position to be aware of is that while PETA’s public facing advocacy is really inflammatory and offensive, it’s almost a smokescreen for how much they’re investing in widespread and effective lobbying and litigation. They’re heavily involved in very serious work to advance more restrictive animal-based legislation across federal and state governments, and are taken very seriously because they have very, very good lawyers who know animal regulation and oversight and everything related inside and out. Litigators associated with them are pretty much cornerstones of every animal law school I know of in the US.

The reason this matters is that when PETA sues over animal care - like under the Endangered Species Act - as part of the relief granted by the court if they win, they generally get to say where the animals go. And the animal welfare matters, but those animals also represent millions of dollars in fundraising and advocacy narratives for both PETA and the receiving sanctuary. The lawsuits that took animals from Tim Stark and Jeff Lowe from Tiger King and put them at the iffy Colorado sanctuary? PETA. The lawsuit against Dade City’s Wild Things that put their tigers (and some of Joe Exotic’s) at the same place? PETA. They’re using those court ruling to change the law via bench precedent one case at a time, all towards making it easier to remove animals from (even good) zoos or shut them down.

Similarly, having lobbying powerhouses in places allows them to use the narratives of those animals and the beautiful photos from the sanctuaries to convince legislators to pass new / more restrictive laws, and to listen to PETA even more (because look what good we did the last time we collaborated on a bill!) . The Big Cat Public Safety Act was a big thing PETA lobbied for in collaboration with Carole Baskin and the Big Cat Sanctuary Alliance (which has two current/previous influential PETA lawyers on the advisory board). If you’ve got a representative voting on bills that restrict animal use or care, they’ve probably got a pretty favorable view of PETA, because they’re being approached by really professional powerhouse litigators who are totally removed from all that vile stuff the PR side spews.

And you know what PETA is doing with that lobbying? Pushing for more ways to be able to confiscate animals or go after captive animal facilities in court. They’ve been talking for years about adding a provision to the Animal Welfare Act that would allow them to sue facilities for any potentially harmful violation, just like they’re doing with the Endangered Species Act. The zoological industry and probably many other related animal industries could not survive the financial cost of all the lawsuits that would open the door for, regardless of merit. I first heard a PETA litigator raise the topic years ago at a meeting - a bill introducing that amendment is currently active in Congress. (They’re also exploring avenues for using consumer fraud laws to allow “true” sanctuaries to sue other sanctuaries whose practices they don’t agree with philosophically and say are scamming the public.)

To sum up: in animal industry world, PETA isn’t this offensive obnoxious entity you can eye-roll and ignore. They’re a seriously scary, heavily funded, incredibly influential lobbying group with some of the most intimidating lawyers I’ve ever met. They invest money in things they know they can win, and by the time they’ve started a visible campaign, their target is so underwater - whether there’s a real issue or no - it’s rare to come back from it. So when I say “this sanctuary is PETA’s favorite for placing animals”, what that means is “this facility has been chosen to be a philosophical partner for PETA’s legal and legislative goals and is receiving animals worth millions of dollars in fundraising revenue in return.”

You may notice I frequently comment on the assumptions people make about animal facilities based on their branding. Frequently, people assume accredited facilities are inherently better for animals than unaccredited facilities, or assume sanctuaries are inherently more moral / better at caring for their animals than zoos.

I want to show you an example of why I am always, always skeptical of these assumptions.

If you’re in the California area, you might have heard about Hank the Tank - who is actually a Henrietta, btw - the 500 pound nuisance bear from Lake Tahoe who broke into 21 homes in search of food. She was recently captured by wildlife officials and moved to a sanctuary in Colorado. The Wild Animal Sanctuary has three main facilities, two in Colorado and one in TX. To give you some context, it’s the biggest carnivore sanctuary in the country - they advertise somewhere between 300-500 animals, mostly large carnivores, between their properties. It’s where most of the Tiger King cats went. It’s PETA’s preferred placement for confiscated exotic animals. So, obviously, it’s got to be great, right? Except… take a look at what they posted about Henrietta’s arrival.

Here’s their post about Henrietta’s arrival at the Refuge, the large facility in Colorado that isn’t open to the public. Let’s take a closer look at that food trough…

What do we see here? An entire rotisserie chicken that is either blackened or highly seasoned, and a whole ham. Maybe a second chicken underneath the pile, I can’t quite tell. The sanctuary gets the majority of their bear food donated from groceries stores once it’s past the sell-by date, so we know those are older meats and they’re full of a ton of salt. Then, for fruit and veg, there’s a cantaloupe, mango, corn, avocado, grapes, and apples. Maybe a pepper or two, it’s hard to tell. That’s a lot of sugar and not a lot of fiber or roughage.

But… on top of it and to the right… are those Twizzlers?

Yes.

The sanctuary confirmed on Facebook that they fed this recently rescued obese bear what looks like almost an entire pack of Twizzlers.

I don’t know of any world in which it’s appropriate to feed candy to a bear. Maybe a piece or two as a really high value reinforcer for hard behaviors (that isn’t relevant here, it’s openly against this sanctuary’s ethos to do any husbandry or medical training). An entire pack of Twizzlers is just appalling. But it’s not uncommon for this facility! I have a book written about their operations and animal care (that I bought at their gift shop this spring) which openly discusses how the bears get fed bread, doughnuts, marshmallows, and all sorts of incredibly unhealthy food that comes in with the grocery donations.

But hey, this is apparently fine for the bears, according to the sanctuary’s founder. He was quoted in that same book as saying “Bears are the only animal I know of that can eat insane amounts of sugar and it never hurts them. It does not hurt their organs. They do not get clogged arteries. They do not have high blood pressure. In the wild they eat all these sweet berries in the fall, and they convert sugar to fat… so the more sugar they get the better… we would all love to have a system like that!”

Now while it’s true that bears have physiological adaptations that modulate their insulin production and sensitivity in ways that appear to prevent them from from developing diabetes, that does’t mean it’s healthy for them to regularly eat processed carbohydrates, sugar, and general junk food. And remember - Henrietta gained her fame because of how incredibly overweight she already is, and because she was seeking out human food, According to the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, a healthy weight for a normal adult black bear is between 100-300 pounds. So, obviously, the best thing to do is… continue to feed her candy.

Then, later on in the book, it details how they have to bribe a camel to sit tight for a regular medical examination (since they don’t train for medical behaviors) by letting him drink a can of Mountain Dew each time.

If a zoo was known publicly to be feeding their animals Mountain Dew or a couple Twizzlers - even just once, on a rare occasion - they’d be eviscerated in the media and by public opinion. But feeding out inappropriate junk food appears to be a pretty common practice at this place, and it just goes unscrutinized because everyone assumes sanctuaries are inherently better for animals.

So, long story short, never make assumptions about the quality of a facility based on it’s branding or accreditation. (TWAS is accredited by the Global Federation of Animal Sanctuaries). If you have concerns about the ethics or practices of a facility, always try to put your preconceptions aside, go and see for yourself, and think critically about what you see and what you’re told.

I’ve seen a couple asks come in over the past few days so just a quick reminder that I’m on hiatus… a few of them are on topics I’ve addressed before, so please check my archive!