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Not a polyglot

@laperiphrase / laperiphrase.tumblr.com

23/they/linguist/traveler/teacher

i keep seeing posts about cs pacat being a ‘white woman writing a poc’ and since she is australian and i am australian i thought it can be helpful to understand the way australians construct race

australia has different race constructs to the USA. VERY different race constructs. especially different is the way we construct the race of people from mediterranean and middle eastern countries

in australia italians (which cs pacat is), lebanese (which i am), greeks (which people debate if damen is or not?), maltese, turkish (which akielon sports are modeled on?), syrians, balkans, macedonians, egyptians and anyone from mediterranean or middle east countries around there, we are all thought of as being the same racial group. we are ‘wogs’. (look that word up if you dont know that australian racial construct.)

so here we are not poc as such we are wogs which is sort of a third category that doesnt exist in america??

when i read captive prince to me as an australian it doesnt read as a ‘white woman writing a poc’ but as a wog writing a wog. in australia, damen’s olive skin, dark hair and dark eyes are  signals of that. and everywhere that i have looked for interviews of cs pacat talking about damen and casting or ethnicity i notice she has never used the term poc but instead says ‘mediterranean basin descent’ and ‘not a tanned anglo-european’ which is  the australian way of thinking about race, since wog vs anglo is a main racial divide here

i think since americans only have two categories (white/poc) they try to put that on to captive prince and they end up sorting the author into one category (white) and damen into the other (poc). which is true in the american system.

but as a lebanese-australian i would sort damen, myself and pacat who is italo-australian into the same race catagory of wog along with egyptians, turkish, maltese etc because that is the way we construct race here. thats not erasing, lightening or whitewashing damen’s olive skin, its just our different way of constructing his race while his olive skin colour stays the same.

i know its hard for americans to understand beccause you dont have this category. and im not saying that damen is not a poc in your system, because in your system he is a poc. but i hope americans will respect that other countries have other ways of looking at race too. all race is a construct.

also these arguments about is damen greek and therefore white or is he turkish and therefore poc are ridiculous since in australia greek, turkish, maltese, italian, lebanese, egyptian etc we are literally all considered the same ethnic group

tldr but i think its important to understand the author’s race context bc the book is different when you think about it as a wog author writing the experience of a wog character marooned in a northern-european country (vere = france-ish) and feeling sense of racial difference as well as a sense of cultural isolation, because that is the wog experience living here in australia for turkish, greek, lebanese, maltese, italian, etc. and thats just… different to how the book reads if you think of it in the american way as a white woman writing a poc.

ALSO wog has a different meaning here in australia than it does in the UK (and dont use the word if you are not a member of the group because we use it as a friendly term, but it is a racial slur if used by others.)

ppl need to remember that US racial constructs are not universal, and assuming they are is pretty imperialist. even in other ‘western’ countries, as somebody who lives in western europe, i can safely say europeans care about ethnicity within what is probably just ‘white’ in the US. a considerable portion of the racism here doesn’t fall into a white/poc dynamic, though there is that dynamic too when it comes to those of us from former colonies.

If you have a clearly Italian last name you need to submit 12% more resumes than a person with an Anglo last name in order to get a job interview in Australia. This isn’t anywhere near as extreme as the similar statistics for Chinese, Muslim or Indigenous last names (68, 64, and 35% respectively), but it’s not nothing, either. [x]

every time people think white/poc is the only kind of divide that exists i just want to get my copy of Looking for Alibrandi and scream it at them until they understand.

“Do you know how many Italian girls weren’t allowed to play at my house, Michael? They wanted to, I know that, but their mothers wouldn’t let them. The Australian girls were the worst. They’d come up to me and say, ‘What nationality are you, Josie?’ and because I spoke Italian at home and I ate spaghetti and I lived like an Italian I’d say, ‘I’m Italian,’ and they’d put on a reprimanding voice. ‘No, you’re not. You were born in this country. You’re an Australian.’ So the next day the same girls would come up to me and ask, ‘What nationality are you, Josie?’ and I’d think to myself that these smart-asses weren’t going to get me twice so I’d say, ‘I’m an Aussie,’ and they’d say, ‘No, you’re not. You’re a wog.’ And I wanted to kill myself because I was so confused.”

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Reblogging to add I, a Greek Australian, 100% agree with this. I have olive skin that is light brown in the winter and goes to middle brown in the summer. I have thick dark eyebrows, dark brown hair, etc. While Americans might not consider me a POC, anglo Australians identify me as a wog and therefore other.

Of course then I refuse to call them just Australians and instead call them anglos.

Having a wog like Damen in the books made me really, really happy. It was so wonderful to see someone in a published book who had the same physical features as me.

Wog and proud.

What author herself wrote about this topic on twitter:

Consider donating to my ass?

I got accepted to a coding bootcamp to pursue my dream of becoming a programmer but I have to sustain myself throughout my program. San Francisco is really expensive though!!! And I’m still paying off college loans, bills, and all this other stuff...

My goal is $8,000, and the more the merrier, but literally anything (one gotdamn dollar) would help. And/or share!!! That really makes a difference.

I wouldn’t be asking if I hadn’t already explored every other possibility. And I’m not just gonna take your money and run... when I finally get a job, I’m gonna be donating so much money... I’m particularly looking at international charities and hospitals as well as refugee and immigrant aid, indigenous language revival efforts, and overall support for linguistic and cultural minorities. I’d also like to set up a scholarship fund in the future.

So this is a langblr, yeah? I have a bachelor’s degree from Penn in Linguistics and I speak practically fluent French and American Sign Language, and I know a bit of some others. Need help understanding a concept? Learning a language? Transcribing or entering data? Literally anything? I’m willing to earn my donations as well.

Read my blurb to learn more.

(Also, if you have tips on living cheap in SF or know people looking for subletters and whatnot, hit me up!)

Amelia Earhart flies, like, a plane.

An extension to the classic structural ambiguity sentence, “time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana.” (adapted from)

[time] [flies like¹] [an arrow] [fruit flies] [like² a banana] [amelia earhart] [flies [like³] a plane]

¹ – in the manner of ² – enjoy ³ – y’know {discourse filler}

  1. A simile describing the speed at which we perceive time to pass
  2. A description of the habits and preferred environment of drosophila
  3. A colloquial description of a famed pilot’s mode of transport

Just in case you wanted the extremely pedantic version… (it’s amazing what commas can do!)

linguistics fact of the day 10/2/17

There are two “airstream mechanisms” in the world’s languages. English only has egressive, which involves pushing air out of your lungs. Other languages also have an ingressive mechanism, which involves sucking air in.

That’s not quite correct.  There’s more than two airstream mechanisms.  The most common is pulmonic egressive, “pulmonic” referring to the lungs, and “egressive” meaning air moving outwards.  Every language uses that, and many languages (such as English) use only that, but some supplement it with others.

There’s also glottalic egressive, AKA ejectives, which means air moving outwards pushed by the glottis moving upwards.  Then there’s glottalic ingressive, AKA implosives, which involves the glottis moving downwards.  Finally there’s velaric ingressive, AKA clicks, where a closure is produced at the velum and another place of articulation, and then movements of the tongue and/or jaw create low pressure, causing air to rush in.

Only one known language uses pulmonic ingressive, the Australian ritual language Damin, which is thought to have been created artificially.  Incidentally, Damin is also the only non-African language to use clicks.

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Just a quick nitpick - you can’t say “every language uses” pulmonic egressive mechanisms in production. Sign languages don’t. So change that to “every spoken language…”

(I hate being the “well actually” person, sorry!)

Metanitpick: This does not mean that, theoretically at least*, noticeably breathing out could not be part of a sign language sign. 

*)I do not know any actual examples, but googled this

A few things: 

The question of sign languages is quite interesting... while manual markers and mouth morphemes are essential to expressing true ASL grammar, the actual creation of sound or respiration (rather than feigned sound/breathing through the appearance of doing so) is optional, in my experience. I would say more people create some noise in performing these markers/morphemes than those who don’t though. Plus I’ve seen the same manual marker (for example, the one associated with something small, which involves eye squinting, tightly rounded lips, and breathing) be breathed both in and out by different people. In any case, I’d say it’s a conception made for spoken languages and is fairly irrelevant to sign languages (or would need to be vastly revised in order for it to actually be useful to the study of sign language linguistics, which people have not felt the need to do until this point...)

Second, pulmonic ingressive sounds go far beyond Damin, though not systematically afaik. The inhaled French ouais, the Norwegian/Danish/Swedish inhaled yes/no...

I’d personally be interested in seeing the extent to which the velaric egressive might exist somewhere. I imagine the tsk tsk of disappointment could be ingressive or egressive, but does anyone know of anything beyond that?

When u eat breakfast w/ german people and u ask for the nutella and no matter what article u choose, everyone’s heads swivel around exorcist style to start The Discourse

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Why the fuck was this photo used in my textbook

Translation: to define your strengths amd weaknesses you need to stay objective in your evaluation

Sometimes people ask the best questions on Reddit:

What does Yoda’s syntax look like in non-English versions of Star Wars? For those who aren’t familiar with Star Wars (all two of you), Yoda is an alien who, when speaking English, uses what seems to be an OSV syntax instead of the traditional SVO syntax.
So how do foreign translations of the script handle this? I am particularly interested in what it looks like in non-SVO languages. Are there any translations where Yoda’s incorrect syntax is emulated by using an English-like syntax? Or are other languages’ syntax so free that mistakes in the use of case or verb conjugations must instead be used to emulate Yoda’s “alien” speech?

And some answers so far: 

  • Czech: Free word order. Yoda speaks consistently in SOV. Interestingly enough, putting an object before a verb does sound unusual to most speakers of Czech.
  • Estonian: Free word order language. Yoda retains the English OSV order. This is grammatical in Estonian, but does make it seem as though Yoda is constantly stressing the object phrase as the main point of his statements. This gives his speech an unusual quality.
  • French: An SVO language. Yoda speaks in OSV.
  • German: A SVO or SOV language. Yoda brings the Object to the front (OSV), like in English.
  • Hungarian: A free word order language. There is nothing unusual about Yoda’s speech.
  • Italian: An SVO language. Yoda speaks in OSV. Note: OSV is also the syntax used in the Italian of the less-proficient speakers of Italian from the region of Sardinia.
  • Japanese: An SOV language. Yoda seems to use a more or less correct syntax, with a more archaic vocabulary.
  • Korean: An SOV language. Nothing is unusual about Yoda’s grammar.
  • Norwegian: An SVO language. Yoda speaks in OSV.
  • Romanian: An SVO language. Yoda speaks in OSV. He also places adjectives before the noun instead of after the noun, and uses an archaic form of the future tense.
  • Spanish: An SVO language. Yoda speaks in OSV.
  • Turkish: An SOV language. Yoda speaks in OSV. Note: This order is also used in classical Ottoman poetry, so the syntax may have been chosen in order to emphasize Yoda’s wisdom or age.