Historically, our homeland was a VERY important trade route, connecting Africa, Asia, and Europe. Control trade, and you control food imports, and you control empires. That’s why Rome invaded. (Actually, it’s also why Greece/Macedonia, Medeo-Persia, Babylon, Assyria, and Egypt invaded. Its been a very strategic land to control since the dawn of civilization. Location location location.)
The two largest religions in the world (Xianity, Islam) are later derivations of OUR religion. That makes that piece of land MORE attractive to them, because controlling it gives them a sense of religious authority.
A big reason that Xianity as a (technically heretical) sect of Judaism split off and became their OWN religion is that VERY early Xians and mainstream Jews were allied during a revolt against the Romans (who again, wanted that land because location location location). The job of Mashiach in Judaism is to free Israel and establish a safe home for Jews there, and to establish world peace. (Jesus obviously did not accomplish this, hence the need for a “second coming.”) Because the leader of this revolt looked like he was about to succeed in DOING THOSE THINGS, most Jews said “hey, maybe THIS guy, Bar Kokvah, is the Mashiach!” Xians DID NOT LIKE THIS, because they thought that their dead guy (who again, did not accomplish the things) was the Mashiach. So we already didnt LIKE each other because they were heretics, but it boiled over when…
They betrayed Jews at a crucial point, thousands died, and the revolution failed. Jews got mad and said “you can’t be part of our synagogues anymore because you BETRAYED US AND WE DIED,” and Xians said “fine, we hated you anyway because you didnt accept our weird Mithras cult” and ran directly to the Mommy, the remainders of Roman Empire, and said “can we be the state religion now?” Mommy Byzantium, seeing an oppprtunity, said yes, Xianity separated from Judaism and rose to POWER, and held a bunch of official meetings and added things to their own writings (even they will admit this). They added theology that is 100% not compatible with Judaism, and they also outlawed Jewish practices and shit talked Jews a lot. Many verses in their books before ecumenical councils are also antisemitic. The Byzantine royal family (at this point, all that’s left of actual Rome) had sensed a shift in religion and power, and capitalized on this new and upcoming religion by making themselves very important figures in it, solidifying their political power through divine authority. (Later, Germans and Italians would say “hey, that’s not a bad idea, and copied them, creating the Holy Roman Empire, famously neither holy, nor Roman, nor an actual empire. Popes did not like this, and constantly tried to squash the HRE and Byzantine Empire, and I guess ultimately they did, but they also lost all political power in the process.)
Xians also then decided that they would blame Jews for killing Jesus forever, and would constantly murder and punish them for it, even though A) according to Xianity Jesus HAD TO DIE for them to be “saved,” so really they shouldn’t be mad about it and B) Jews literally DID NOT have the authority to sentence people to death, especially by crucifixion, literally ONLY Rome could do that.
Then, Xians decided that they needed to control Ye Holee Lande™, so they slaughtered a bunch of Jews and Muslims to get it and promptly lost it again, but they didn’t stop trying to get it back, and they killed thousands on all sides in the process.
Jews at this point have no homeland, having been kicked around by Romans, Xians, and Muslims. The latter of whom actually usually treated us way better than Xians, in general, especially in Al-Andalus, which you might unfortunately know now as “Spain,” because a bunch of important Xian families married and united their armies and killed all the Jews and Muslims there and said “this is our country now, get out and/or we will kill you.” They erased a powerful and prosperous Emirate of universities, poets, scholars, artists, musicians, and theologians, which had flourished all through the Dark Ages in Xian lands. (They then promptly sailed to the Americas, so that they could forcibly convert, rape, steal from, and murder those people too. )
But anyway, no homeland, which means that we often lived in OTHER peoples countries and didn’t get to participate in society or government. General xenophobia turned people against these Jewish “outsiders.” Painting us as dangerous, disloyal, christ killers, immigrants, was an easy way to create fear and fighting and keep the poor poor and the rich in power. (We see this today all the time. Think about it with other groups. I’m sure you can think of how leaders in your country have exploited public fear and xenophobia to stay in power.)
Xians, who had by this time been stealing and mistranslating our holy books for >1000 years, saw a verse that said “Jews may not charge other Jews unfair interest rates.” But Xians are “uncomfortable when we are not about me,” so THEY decided that this meant “Xians are not allowed to charge other Xians ANY INTEREST AT ALL.” But that would have made their economy collapse. So they had an idea. “What if we make it illegal for Jews to own any property or land or normal businesses, BUT, we let them run banking guilds, and THEY can charge US interest, and the economy will work.” It was a great idea for everybody but Jews, because the side effect was that A) poor people suddenly saw JEWS as the ones taxing them and taking their money when really it was the Kings, and B) whenever Jews got too successful, the government would kill them all (or kick them out, if it was a nice day), and poof - all that money (and land they were renting) was “liquidated” and could go to the government. (This was a super easy score for the Church, largely synonymous with the government for many centuries, because the idea that Jews are greedy money grubbing thieves is baked into the literal text of the New Testament, so they didnt even need to be creative to get people to accept this lie.)
This trope of Jews running things and making money off everyone and being greedy eventually led to a conspiracy theory that we wanted to/did already secretly dominate the Entire World, which is where the Elders of Zion/Illuminati/Lizard people/“Global Elite” trope comes from. That’s why you get FUCK-OFF RIDICULOUS things like DC councilmen saying “well we all know Jews control the weather and cause natural disasters to make money off them” from. Yes, that really happened. (And then, they made him go on an apology tour of the DC Holocaust Museum, where he played games on his phone and stormed out halfway through. Yes really.)
Again, because xenophobia, lots of other nasty aspects of Jew hatred popped up. The formula goes: Jews killed Christ -> Satan is the enemy of Christ -> Jews are in league with Satan -> Jews are witches and evil. This isnt even a stretch for them, because this kind of language is ALSO literally found in the Xian bible. A particularly nasty and pervasive part of this cycle was the idea that Jews (in a perverted version of holy communion, because Catholics and Xians view of witchcraft was just “upsidedown/backwards Xianity”) was the idea that Jews kidnapped Xian babies and used their blood to make bread. That one got a LOT of Jews killed.
Even the Holocaust is fundamentally part of this whole pattern. Post WWI Germany owed MASSIVE unpayable debts to the world for their role in the great war. They were bankrupt, disunified, and unstable. Hitler used fear and propaganda to rise to power by appealing to a base who were economically suffering and already super racist and xenophobic (like… many modern politicians… do the math…) and then the Holocaust itself was again, super super about real estate and property liquidation. (Bonus, they were invading the rest of Europe, so they ALSO got to steal art and money and national treasures from conquered governments, not JUST Jews.) Nazis really liked shiny things, and they really liked taking them to Berlin.
Later, Russia, who got to Berlin, also admitted to really linking shiny things, having made off with a LOT of international treasures and pretending they didnt have them for decades. They still have them, and they basically announced “there’s nothing you girls can do about it.” They also killed millions of Jews during the USSR days, made our religion illegal, and the current Russian government and Orthodox Church officially blames Jews for the revolution and murder of the Romanovs. Yes really. Let me say, unequivocally, fuck Russia.
There you have it, a VERY BREIF overview of antisemitism.