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In October, a Latina author was talking about white privilege at a Georgia college when a student confronted her about whether she had the authority to talk about race on campus. Students at the same university later burned the author’s book. Videos show students gathered around a flaming grill on campus, watching and laughing as ripped-out pages of the novel burn.

This, while troubling, is one of many similar instances recorded in the media this year. While whiteness is no longer protected by law, as in segregation, the Deep South still has a long way to go when it comes to understanding white privilege and racism as a multidimensional system. So does the rest of America.

VIRAL WHITE PRIVILEGE IN 2019

Despite efforts for more radical action, conversations around white privilege were omnipresent in 2019. As a social media buzzword and an overarching narrative for major events in pop culture, the catch-all term blanketed the web. What follows is a rundown of moments that exemplified race in America, detailed by the experts who studied them. 

1) The college admissions scandal

Hollywood actress Felicity Huffman was the first parent sentenced to jail in the college admissions scandal that saw affluent parents use illegal means and bribery to get their children into elite universities.

Huffman’s 14-day sentence is a small punishment for our culture of incarceration that puts people in jail for years or even decades for small offenses. 

2) Green Book’s big win on Oscar night

The film Green Book took home the prize for best picture at this year’s Academy Awards, but the movie was mired in controversy over its oversimplification of decades of racial dynamics in America. Green Book depicts the friendship between a well-off Black classical musician and his working-class Italian-American driver as they travel through the Jim Crow South in the ’60s on a concert tour.

Critics of the film, which is based on a true story, saw it as another in a line of white savior movies, one that glorifies a racist and puts him in charge of telling a Black man’s narrative.

3)  Chelsea Handler’s “woke” documentary leaves more questions than answers

Comedian Chelsea Handler confronted her white privilege head-on in a Netflix documentary, Hello, Privilege, It’s Me Chelsea. The former late-night talk show host explored her newfound awareness that white privilege has helped her career. After the film’s release, Handler faced backlash from people who questioned her motives and argued that a white person doing a documentary about white privilege is a privilege unto itself.

4) The sentencing of Amber Guyger

Moments after former Dallas police officer Amber Guyger was sentenced to 10 years in prison for killing an unarmed Black man, Botham Jean, while he was watching TV and eating ice cream in his own apartment, an emotional scene went viral on social media. It was a hug between Guyger and the victim’s brother, which the mainstream media framed as a story of forgiveness or a family overcoming tragedy. Critics—especially among Black Twitter users—saw that narrative as a lie.

“It’s an example of white supremacy,” professor and journalist Jason Johnson told the Daily Dot. “That is to tell the victims of white violence that they have to respond to it in a different way. The story was presented as a story of white forgiveness, instead of a story about privileges and holding police officers accountable.”

We also talked to several experts about white fragility, white “innocence,” and modern racism. Check out their (and our) analyses on the roots and modern repercussions of these systemic issues in our end-of-year cover story.

Brock Harrison is one of the most beloved and well-known characters in Pokémon canon. He’s been a franchise staple since the days of Pokémon: Indigo League and has appeared in many video game adaptations. Famous for being the rock-type gym leader of Pewter City and one of Ash’s closest companions, Brock was long ago cemented as iconic in fans’ eyes.

So why does The Pokémon Company keep ruining his character’s appearance in its games?

Brock—a burly, brown-skinned, dark-haired young man—is instantly recognizable thanks to the anime’s enduring popularity. However, Pokémon game developers have, for some reason, taken it upon themselves to significantly lighten up his skin and hair for their games, all of which are already predominantly populated by white-looking characters. Designers have done the same in the newly-released title Pokémon Masters—and Brock’s the whitest he’s ever been. It’s a classic and painful example of whitewashing, or portraying characters of color as white people.

Here’s a comprehensive analysis of the timeline and historical context of Brock’s many designs. Brock deserves better. And so do we.

Like members of any niche community, fanfic readers often find they have more in common with each other than with outsiders. There is a stigma about discussing fanfic IRL, so if you date someone who’s already in fandom, you no longer have to worry about shutting part of yourself away. 

Turns out it’s a great place to find someone.

To shine a light on those love stories, urgent tales of human connection in the disparate internet age, we interviewed a series of couples about how they got together: Women who discovered their sexuality through a shared love of One Direction, a Torchwood fan who used Livejournal as an outlet while she was in a mental hospital, a couple who traversed international borders and immigration law to be together, and more.

Harry Potter fans unite! There is new evidence that our beloved house elf, Dobby, is not dead.

In a strange video, captured on nighttime security cameras outside of a home, a Dobby-like creature can be seen funnily walking away from the front door.

The owner of the residence, Vivian Gomez, originally posted the video to Facebook, and then it went viral on Twitter.

“So I woke up Sunday morning and saw this on my camera and am trying to figure out…what the heck?? First I saw the shadow walking from my front door then I saw this thing…has anyone else seen this on their cameras?? The other two cameras didn’t pick it up for some reason,” Gomez wrote on Facebook.

A woman has taken down a mannequin hung on a tree next to a Confederate flag in her home in Little Rock, Arkansas, after a video showing the distressing decor went viral, according to Fox16.

The yard fixture got traction on social media after someone reportedly shared a video of the setting on Facebook. The homeowner, who has not been named by news sources, said it was a decoration for Halloween.

“I saw a video of a noose with a person of color hanging from it and it’s kinda disturbing,” Ricky Allen, who lives nearby, told Fox16. “It’s kinda heartbreaking to know that neighbors in the neighborhood is like that.”

While the skin color of the mannequin is not entirely clear from the images shared, the hands and feet are seen wearing dark gloves and socks.

The homeowner told Fox16 it had nothing to do with race, and eventually took the mannequin down but refused to do it on camera.

“She knows what it means, so does everybody else around here,” another neighbor, Tracy Sims, told Fox16.

The internet runs on porn. Maybe to a fault.

It’s in this context that premium porn service Adult Time’s new series Transfixed comes in. On the surface, it tries to bill itself as introducing a “new era in trans sexuality.” But it still feels like something Randy from South Park would jack off to.

Transfixed is still mainstream porn. And by “mainstream,” I mean porn built by studios for cis straight men. When she was profiled by Forbes in December 2017, Mills explained that her lesbian porn series Girlsway is largely watched by men. Half of the ideas behind the series’ episodes come from them. This urge to please men can be felt in Transfixed too. When I reached out to Gamma Entertainment for comment, Mills told me over email that the company does not have a specific breakdown for Transfixed’s demographics by gender, but that Adult Time’s audience has “approximately 85 percent male-identifying and 15 percent female-identifying viewers.”

Since first emerging in October 2017, the QAnon conspiracy theory has gained a massive following among President Donald Trump supporters eager to see justice doled out to the deep state.

But love for Q’s wild theories, riddles, rhetorical questions, and predictions is not unanimous among conservatives. A number of prominent Trump supporters have denigrated the conspiracy avatar and its growing throng of believers as a risk to Trump’s reelection.

Those conflicts have now exploded into open warfare, as QAnon used several “drops” to attack the Sebastian Gorka-linked pro-Trump PAC MAGA Coalition, whose members are fighting back by going after Praying Medic, a prominent QAnon “decoder” who has risen to the top of a crowded swamp of Q personalities by fusing evangelicalism with conservative politics, questioning his charity’s tax-exempt status.

While it might seem like hopelessly insular infighting among semi-anonymous internet personalities, the feud between Medic and MAGA Coalition is also a window into the shadowy world of who exactly is profiting off of the Q movement, and possibly the identity of the person or people making the Q drops.

At stake is nothing less than the future of a conspiracy theory that’s crawled out of the 8chan swamp to take up residence in countless mainstream media articles and on Amazon’s top 100 books – while being the ideology of choice for two alleged murderers.

A new study from the University of Glasgow suggests that modern music consumption has caused a significant spike in greenhouse gas emissions, Pitchfork reports.

University of Oslo professor Kyle Devine, lead researcher for the study, says that despite the use of plastic by the recording industry falling dramatically since the days of vinyl, cassettes, and CDs, environmental harms still persist due to streaming.

Pitchfork notes that the amount of plastic used to package CDs and other physical music formats went from 61 million kilograms in 2000 to just 8 million kilograms in 2016. But when looking at the amount of energy used to stream music content, the picture becomes much more bleak.

“The figures may even suggest that the rises of downloading and streaming are making music more environmentally friendly,” says Devine. “But a very different picture emerges when we think about the energy used to power online music listening. Storing and processing music online uses a tremendous amount of resources and energy—which has a high impact on the environment.”

When it comes to marketing the final season of Game of Thrones, HBO has largely shied away from showing any actual footage from the show. It’s only opted for a single trailer and a handful of clips over revealing anything more than the two plot points it already has, and like Avengers: Endgame, there’s a larger focus on what’s led to this moment.

For HBO, that’s also come with the arrival of its For the Thronecampaign, which asks fans “How far will you go” for the Iron Throne, and over several weeks, it’s rolled out in stages. First, HBO had fans recreate iconic show props. Then it launched a large-scale blood drive in a partnership with the American Red Cross and asked fans to literally bleed for the throne, a rollout that didn’t come without its own set of controversies.

Now, it’s sending fans on a quest around the world to find one of six thrones with a countdown attached to it that will end around April 2 at 11:59pm ET. To date, two of the six Iron Thrones have been revealed, and each release includes three hour-long videos that show the throne at dawn, daytime, and dusk.

Living with a disability isn’t always easy, but sometimes the greatest struggle can come from discrimination from non-disabled people, as the trending hashtag #AbledsAreWeird details. Users by the thousands have shared their experiences this week, shining a spotlight on the uncomfortable, rude, and sometimes just downright bizarre harassment people with disabilities face.

Writer and advocate Imani Barbarin created the hashtag last Friday when she shared that a stranger once threw her crutch into the pool to help her learn how to swim. It quickly garnered nearly 9,000 likes as other people with disabilities began sharing their similarly frustrating experiences.

Stories on Twitter outlined how people with disabilities routinely face such invasions of privacy and consent, even if sometimes the non-disabled person at fault means well. Others allow their curiosity and lack of experience with people with disabilities to totally disregard personal boundaries. 

The viral hashtag also highlighted how people with disabilities are constantly fielding health suggestions from acquaintances and strangers, as if they haven’t heard them a million times before.

29-year-old YouTuber PewDiePie is not responsible for the New Zealand shooting. We shouldn’t shift the blame from the apparent neo-Nazi and Islamophobe who allegedly shot up two mosques last week.

Yet tragedies like this don’t exist in a vacuum. It’s crucial to discuss why, during a sickening live stream of his attack, alleged New Zealand gunman Brenton Tarrant gleefully encouraged viewers to “subscribe to PewDiePie.” If PewDiePie didn’t have a history of racism, sexism, and anti-Semitism, there’d be nothing to talk about—but he does. So let’s talk about it.

PewDiePie, born Felix Kjellberg, is an influential figure to over 90 million subscribers. Him using his platform to bombard a young, impressionable generation with the pillars of the alt-right isn’t just irresponsible—it’s dangerous. Casual bigotry leads to violent hatred; people have died because of that very hatred that PewDiePie mocks and, casually or otherwise, promotes and validates. The slow and steady dehumanization of marginalized groups via ironic humor is one of the most insidious and pervasive forms of radicalization we face today.

PewDiePie’s devotees revere him with all the cultish fervor of modern stan culture, going as far as to deface war monuments and hack the Wall Street Journal’s website to promote his channel. While PewDiePie has since encouraged his fans not to do anything illegal, he and his content hold an eerie amount of power over his supporters. It’s not all gaming and memes, either—that content is frequently problematic. Here’s a brief rundown of PewDiePie’s worst bouts of bigotry.

A key vote was held at the United Methodist General Conference in St. Louis, Missouri, on Tuesday, banning LGBTQ clergy members and weddings, and giving individual clergy and churches until 2021 to affirm the stance or be expelled.

Initially, a vote was held on the “One Church” proposal, which would have allowed individual congregations to decide for themselves whether or not to allow LGBTQ clergy and same-sex weddings in their church. In a speech supporting a vote on the proposal, J.J. Warren, a gay student studying to become a pastor, spoke of his experience as a gay Methodist. “As someone who is gay and goes to the least religious college in the U.S., my evangelism on campus has grown,” said Warren in his speech before the conference. “We have brought people to Jesus because they said they have not heard this message before. They didn’t know God could love them, because their churches said God didn’t.”

Arguments over the plans lasted for several days before coming to a vote. The delegates to the conference voted 449 to 374 to reject the One Church proposal. In its place was another proposal, the “Traditional Plan.” This proposal affirmed the United Methodist Church’s stance against LGBTQ inclusion, explicitly rejecting same-sex weddings and non-celibate LGBTQ clergy members. The Traditional Plan passed by a vote of 438 to 384, giving Methodist congregations until 2021 to affirm the anti-LGBTQ stance of the church at large, or possibly face removal from United Methodist.

Methodists and Christians reacted to the news online and in person. LGBTQ Methodists who were prevented from entering the delegate floor sat outside singing worship songs, and people encouraged each other to not lose faith.

Journalist Yashar Ali has gone viral again, this time for sharing a 26-part Twitter thread about ADHD and urging many others to share their own struggles.

“What people need to understand about those of us who have ADHD is we are not homogeneous,” he wrote.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is defined by the National Institute of Mental Health  as “a disorder that makes it difficult for a person to pay attention and control impulsive behaviors.” While many of the symptoms are classified as the tendency “overlook or miss details, make careless mistakes,” failure to follow instructions, or having difficulty paying attention or listening, Ali explained in the thread it’s not that simple and shouldn’t be generalized.

Mostly, he used the opportunity to clarify misunderstandings that people have about ADHD.

He also made a crucial point about gender disparity and diagnosis. A little over six percent of children were diagnosed with ADHD in the U.S. in 2016. But as Ali writes in the thread, ADHD tends to be diagnosed less among adults and women.

Joel Thomas “Deadmau5” Zimmerman is at it again. While playing PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds with streamer SmaceTRON this week, Deadmau5 blew up at a supposed “stream sniper,” or a player who stalks a streamer in order to kill them in-game. Instead of handling the situation like the 38-year-old that he is, Deadmau5 said “is that some fucking cocksucking stream sniper fag?” on the stream, according to Kotaku Australia. Deadmau5 was suspended afterward by Twitch, leading him to remove his channel.

In a reportedly deleted Reddit comment, Deadmau5 explained why. And for the record, he outright refused to apologize.

“im not going to stand for twitch’s double standard when it comes to censoring and suspending me for harmless shit,” Deadmau5 wrote in his deleted comment, according to a screengrab from esports consultant Rod “Slasher” Breslau. “the internet is just basically full of shit for the most part…. and while what i said was generally toxic as fuck, and not an ideology i hold closely to my moral standing by a fuckin longshot […] it wasnt ‘directed at an entire group of people who have a sexual orientation that differs from my own’ fuck off with that shit.”

Deadmau5 claims he used the word “fag” in “the heat of the moment.” But it’s incredibly suspicious that Deadmau5 would let a homophobic slur slip out of his mouth, as “fag” is a homophobic slur regardless of its context. When a straight person calls another person a “fag,” it’s implying that there’s something wrong with being queer. In this case, Deadmau5 is saying that stalking someone on a stream is just as bad as being gay. For queer gamers, it’s the kind of comment that can make us feel worthless and inhuman, and like we don’t belong in gaming.

Ever since I saw the photos of people being tear-gassed as they attempted to cross the U.S.-Mexico border in November, it felt like I’d been holding onto a lump of hot coal. It wasn’t until I reached Tijuana in December could I release that tension. No longer was I observing the events on the ground from a laptop or phone screen. I could be there to understand and grapple with the atrocities myself, without another person’s analysis. Here, in plain sight, was evidence that Donald Trump wanted to ruin the lives of vulnerable people.

What Trump and his administration have been calling an “immigration crisis,” a great many of us have seen as a humanitarian crisis. Trump’s drummed-up hysteria reached a peak on Friday when he declared building a border wall cause for a “national emergency.” “It’s a great thing to do,” he said of building the wall and executing his power, “because we have an invasion of drugs, gangs, people, and it’s unacceptable.”

However, I was in Tijuana a month after the elections, helping migrants from this caravan, and I didn’t see any gang members or drug dealers. In fact, many of the families I worked with, alongside a legal team that prepared them for the strenuous asylum-seeking process, were attempting to flee gang territories in their home countries. They had little or no possessions, other than necessary legal documentation and the clothes on their backs. The caravan also included unaccompanied minors and LGBTQIA migrants. Above all else, the volunteers and I learned firsthand that President Trump does not care the least about legal immigration because he has had made the process as difficult as possible.

Stumble upon Audrey Kitching’s Instagram account, and it’s easy to get sucked in. The lighting is soft and pastel, the captions self-esteem-boosting, the star herself a cross between Rainbow Brite and Marie Antoinette. Even if you’re among those who would laugh at the woman who promotes herself as an “energy alchemist,” you’re likely to keep scrolling through her magical promise.

In fact, Kitching has amassed over 259,000 followers on Instagram. On Twitter, she has upwards of 155,000. Kitching exists as a hologram online—no speaking engagements, or public appearances—and yet her name appears in wellness publications as a trusted source for her knowledge of healing crystals, a “wellness ‘it girl.’”

Dig around and you’ll find an internet footprint that is incongruous. Specifically, Kitching has a history of reaching for, and amassing, the kind of fame that one gains not for any particular talent other than one for being noticed. How that path led her to where she’s landed today—doling out spiritual guidance via Instagram, Tumblr, and Twitter—is unclear.

But what is clear is that that her role in her business—selling $18 jars of glitter, sugar, and dried flowers labeled Manifestation Fairy Dust—isn't what she promises it to be, and that even though her followers might feel “healed” by her affirmations, there are at least three women who now cite their relationships with Kitching as abusive, manipulative, and controlling.

When was the last time a Saturday Night Live host wore anything memorable? Typically, fashion choices are not the main draw of the sketch show, but host Don Cheadle changed that last night with two very memorable shirts.

First, Cheadle wore a t-shirt saying, “Protect Trans Kids” when introducing musical guest Gary Clark Jr.’s last song of the show. Clark’s music choice, too, was political; his song “This Land,” which Cheadle was introducing, poignantly and pointedly dissects his treatment as a Black man living in “Trump Country.”

Cheadle’s clothing choice comes as protections for trans people in the U.S. are eroding. Just last month, the Supreme Court allowed President Donald Trump’s ban on transgender members of the military to go into effect, preventing many trans people from joining the military while lower courts review arguments.

Cheadle also wore his heart on his sleeve—or, rather, his sleeves, chest, and back—in a political hockey jersey during the closing credits. The jersey, red with the Russian acronym of the USSR on the front, had “45” on each sleeve, and read “Trump” on the back.

Nonbinary flyers will soon be able to properly identify their gender on their tickets. Several major American airlines are rolling out gender options that go beyond the gender binary, with one company expected to roll out their options in the “coming weeks,” according to the Wall Street Journal.

United Continental Holdings, which operates United Airlines and United Express, plans to let passengers choose “U” or “X” as their gender markers on their tickets, for “undisclosed” and “unspecified,” respectively. United’s parent company will also let passengers use “Mx.” when buying flights instead of “Mr.” and “Ms.” These changes are expected in the coming weeks.

Meanwhile, Alaska Air Group Inc., Southwest Airlines Co., Jet Blue Airways Corp., American Airlines Group Inc., and Delta Air Lines Inc. are also looking into options for flyers who fall outside the gender binary.

A historical novel is earning backlash from prominent authors and transgender activists on Twitter, accusing its author of misgendering the book’s protagonist.

The Cape Doctor by E.J. Levy was announced in Publisher’s Marketplace this week, a historical novel about the 19th century surgeon James Barry. With a dramatic life story including military service, international adventures and a sex scandal, Barry was assigned female at birth but lived his entire adult life as a man. In the past, he was seen as a woman who donned men’s clothing so he could become a doctor, but LGBTQ historians now regard him to be a transgender man.

Barry consistently identified as a man throughout his life, long after the first women doctors began to practice medicine in the U.S. and U.K. His birth sex was only discovered after his death in 1865, against his express wishes to have his body buried without examination. This strongly suggests that Barry was outed as transgender against his will, and that he wanted to preserve his legacy as a man. However, The Cape Doctor’s announcement describes Barry as “a woman all along,” and the author persistently refers to Barry as “she.”

The Cape Doctor has become a full-blown controversy on Twitter, with authors and trans historians demanding that the book either be canceled or rewritten with help from a sensitivity reader.

Author E.J. Levy responded by saying that Barry “refused facile gender categories” and “there’s no evidence Barry considered herself trans,” describing the backlash as a “troll mob.” Over 700 people responded to the tweet below, accusing Levy of trying to erase a trans person from history and pleading with her to rethink the book.

A Kentucky mom has won the hearts of thousands of social media users after sharing images from a gender reveal photo shoot she staged for her 20-year-old transgender son.

Heather Lundberg Green, a mother of two, wanted to do something special to express her support after her son, Arian Brown, came out as trans last September, the Washington Post reports.

“When he told me he was transitioning, I was determined to support him though his journey, but I had no idea how,” Green wrote in a blog for Love What Matters.

Then Green dreamed up the photo shoot.  Even though Brown said he thought the idea was “nuts” at first, it’s clear the family had a good time following Green’s vision through. The photos show Brown swaddled in a blanket saying “it’s a boy” and cuddling a teddy bear, Green and Brown holding blue balloons, Green with a fake pregnant belly, and more. The teen daughter of Green’s boyfriend photographed the occasion.

“When your child comes out as trans, the best thing to do is create a photoshoot to celebrate the fact that he silently and bravely stepped out of the race that he never wanted to be in, found his own lane and proceeded to win,” Green wrote in her now-viral Facebook post on Jan. 29.