Esperanto: Lesson 2
Adjectives
- bela (beautiful)
- granda (big)
- nova (new)
- sana (healthy)
- seka (dry)
- varma (warm)
Nouns
- akvo (water)
- butiko (shop)
- limonado (lemonade)
- papero (paper)
- plumo (pen)
- taso (cup)
Verb Roots
- am- (love)
- lav- (wash)
- pet- (ask, request)
- port- (carry, wear)
- renkont- (meet)
- skrib- (write)
Most commonly used verbs.
1. Être : To be
2. Avoir : To have
3. Faire : To do
4. Dire : To say
5. Pouvoir : To be able, can
6. Aller : To go
7. Voir : To see
8. Savoir : To know
9. Vouloir : To want
10.Venir : To come
11. Falloir* : To have to, must
12. Devoir* : Must, should, to owe,
13. Croire : To believe
14. Trouver : To find
15. Donner : To give
16. Prendre : To take
17. Parler : To talk, to speak
18. Aimer : To love
19. Passer : To pass
20. Mettre : To put
21. Demander : To ask
22. Tenir : To hold
23. Sembler : To seem
24. Laisser : To let
25. Rester : To stay
26. Penser : To think
27. Entendre : To hear, to understand
28. Regarder : To look
29. Répondre : To answer
30. Rendre : To give back, to return, to convey
31. Connaître : To know
32. Paraître : To appear, to look, to seem
33. Arriver : To come, to arrive
34. Sentir : To feel
35. Attendre : To wait
36. Vivre : To live
37. Chercher : To look for, to search
38. Sentir : To feel, to smell
39. Comprendre : To understand
40. Porter : To carry, to bear
41. Devenir : To become
42. Entrer : To come in, to enter
43. Retenir : To hold back, to keep
44. Écrire : To write
45. Appeler : To call
46. Tomber : To fall
47. Reprendre : To do again, to take back
48. Commencer : To start
49. Suivre : To follow
50. Montrer : To show
How to Conjugate Verbs in Korean
For our example, we’ll use the verb 가다 (to go). ‘가’ is the verb stem & ‘다’ means it is in dictionary form.
Honorific Conjugation
To conjugate it informally, you would drop the 다 and then leave it the way it is. To make it polite, you would add 요 to the end, making it ‘가요’. For the differential form, you add ~ㅂ니다 attached to the end. This makes the verb ‘갑니다’. The honorific form involves adding 시 to the previous form, making it ’가십니다’.
Conjugating in Tenses
Present tense for “I go” is simply ‘가요’. To conjugate the past tense, you add ~ㅆ어요 toindicate that the action has completed, thus it becomes ‘갔어요’. For the future tense, you add ~ㄹ거예요 to make the verb ‘갈거예요’.