DNA Part 5-4.
(I apologize this part took so long, it was finals week.)
The last DNA Mutation is, errors within a single gene.
Deletion of a base
EXAMPLE: Cystic Fibrosis - A 3 letter deletion on chromosome number 7.
Addition of a base
EXAMPLE: Crohn’s Disease - An extra cytosine is present on chromosome number 16.
Substitution of a base
EXAMPLE: Sickle Cell Anemia - Thymine instead of Adenosine is present on chromosome number 11.
Generally these are caused by Mutagens.
Mutagens- A natural or human-made agent (physical or chemicals) which can alter the structure or sequence of DNA.
Some specific examples of mutagens you may encounter are:
1. Nitrous acid from nitrites in bacon and ham.
2. Tars in cigarette smoke.
3. Saccharin
4. UV Rays
5. X-Rays
6. Radon in atmosphere
These mistakes would be like having a spelling error on one page in one book of the encyclopedia set.
Gulf seafood deformities alarm scientists | Dahr Jamail
aljazeera.comOn the aftermath of the BP (macondo) spill:
“The fishermen have never seen anything like this,” Dr Jim Cowan told Al Jazeera. “And in my 20 years working on red snapper, looking at somewhere between 20 and 30,000 fish, I’ve never seen anything like this either.”
Dr Cowan, with Louisiana State University’s Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences started hearing about fish with sores and lesions from fishermen in November 2010.
Cowan’s findings replicate those of others living along vast areas of the Gulf Coast that have been impacted by BP’s oil and dispersants.
Gulf of Mexico fishermen, scientists and seafood processors have told Al Jazeera they are finding disturbing numbers of mutated shrimp, crab and fish that they believe are deformed by chemicals released during BP’s 2010 oil disaster.
Along with collapsing fisheries, signs of malignant impact on the regional ecosystem are ominous: horribly mutated shrimp, fish with oozing sores, underdeveloped blue crabs lacking claws, eyeless crabs and shrimp - and interviewees’ fingers point towards BP’s oil pollution disaster as being the cause.
